International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs in Manufacturing, 2016 - China and India
16 February 2018
Chart 4. Manufacturing hourly compensation costs in China and India, US dollars
Chart 4. Manufacturing hourly compensation costs in China and India, US dollars
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Chart 5. Manufacturing employers' social insurance expenditures as a percent of total compensation costs
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| Hourly Compensation Costs(1) | ||||||
| US Dollars | US = 100 | |||||
| China (2) | India (3) | China | India | |||
| 1999 | NA | 0.68 | NA | 2.9 | ||
| 2000 | NA | 0.70 | NA | 2.8 | ||
| 2001 | NA | 0.71 | NA | 2.7 | ||
| 2002 | 0.60 | 0.73 | 2.2 | 2.7 | ||
| 2003 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 2.4 | 2.8 | ||
| 2004 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 2.6 | 2.9 | ||
| 2005 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 2.8 | 3.0 | ||
| 2006 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 3.1 | 3.1 | ||
| 2007 | 1.21 | 1.17 | 3.8 | 3.6 | ||
| 2008 | 1.59 | 1.26 | 4.9 | 3.8 | ||
| 2009 | 1.74 | 1.23 | 5.1 | 3.6 | ||
| 2010 | 1.98 | 1.46 | 5.7 | 4.2 | ||
| 2011 | 2.62 | 1.59 | 7.4 | 4.5 | ||
| 2012 | 3.06 | 1.59 | 8.6 | 4.5 | ||
| 2013 | 4.11 | 1.60 | 11.3 | 4.4 | ||
| 2014 | NA | 1.69 | NA | 4.6 | ||
| 2015 | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| 2016 | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
For country information and a description of data limitations associated with estimates for China and India, see the Country Notes.
(1) Due to various data gaps and methodological issues, compensation costs for China and India are not directly comparable to each other or with the data for other countries found in this report, and therefore are presented separately.
(2) Data on manufacturing compensation and employees in China refer to registered "urban units" in urban areas and registered "town and village enterprises" (TVEs) in rural areas. Manufacturing enterprises in both urban and rural areas are registered based on location and refer to enterprises of all sizes (there are no reporting cut-offs based on number of employees or revenue). However, registered enterprises represent only formal sector manufacturing captured by government registration records. Manufacturing workers in unregistered or informal manufacturing, who earn substantially less than their formal sector counterparts, are not represented in these data. Further, urban unit data are highly skewed toward the state-owned sector, introducing further bias in the final estimates.
(3) Compensation costs data for India refer to the organized manufacturing sector, that is, the portion of India’s manufacturing activity that is formally registered with state governments and is therefore subject to regulation. The unorganized sector is not regulated, and little data exist for its enterprises. The lack of information on the unorganized sector means that manufacturing workers in unorganized or informal manufacturing, who earn substantially less than their organized sector counterparts, are not represented in these data.
Source: The Conference Board, International Labor Comparisons program, February 2018
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